导入
之前使用的GIF录制工具，发现自定义区域选择和实际录制区域总有偏移，当时意识到是DPI的问题，用多了发现实在还是不方便，所以想着就自己写一个简单的GIF录制程序吧，也不想网上找那些都是广告的软件了，毕竟只是一个小程序。
正文
主要就实现3个基本功能：
-
窗口录制
-
自定义区域录制
-
设置录制的帧间隔
功能不算复杂，所以就简单说下几个关键点，就不详细说明了：
-
利用wind32 API的
SetProcessDPIAware开启DPI感知模式，这样就不会发生选择区域和实际录制区域有偏移的情况 -
使用Pillow库就可以保存GIF
-
对于自定义区域，获取区域bbox之后，直接调用Pillow的ImageGrab抓取屏幕即可，而对于窗口选择，简单的实现可以通过win32 API获取窗口句柄，进一步获取bbox，然后ImageGrab，但是这样有个问题就是会被其他窗口覆盖，录制到选择窗口之外的内容。这是这个程序最关键的地方，使用更底层的 Windows GDI (Graphics Device Interface) API来直接从窗口的设备上下文 (Device Context) 中“绘制”内容。过程就是：
目标窗口 -> 窗口DC -> 内存DC + 兼容位图 -> 绘制 -> 原始像素数据 -> Pillow图像,这样录制的图像不会被其他窗口覆盖。
完整代码：
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import filedialog, messagebox
from PIL import ImageGrab, Image
import threading
import time
import win32gui
import win32ui
import win32con
import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes
# DPI感知模式
try:
ctypes.windll.user32.SetProcessDPIAware()
except AttributeError:
pass
class GifRecorder(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.title("GIF 录制工具")
self.geometry("350x250")
self.recording = False
self.frames = []
self.record_mode = tk.StringVar(value="area")
self.selected_window_handle = None
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
tk.Label(self, text="录制模式:").pack(pady=5)
tk.Radiobutton(self, text="自定义区域", variable=self.record_mode, value="area").pack(anchor=tk.W)
tk.Radiobutton(self, text="选择窗口", variable=self.record_mode, value="window").pack(anchor=tk.W)
tk.Label(self, text="帧间隔 (ms):").pack(pady=5)
self.interval_entry = tk.Entry(self, width=10)
self.interval_entry.insert(0, "100")
self.interval_entry.pack()
self.start_button = tk.Button(self, text="开始录制", command=self.start_recording)
self.start_button.pack(pady=10)
self.stop_button = tk.Button(self, text="结束录制", command=self.stop_recording, state=tk.DISABLED)
self.stop_button.pack()
def start_recording(self):
self.recording = True
self.start_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.stop_button.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.frames = []
if self.record_mode.get() == "area":
self.withdraw() # 暂时隐藏主窗口
self.area_selector = AreaSelector(self)
else:
self.withdraw() # 暂时隐藏主窗口
self.window_selector = WindowSelector(self)
def stop_recording(self):
self.recording = False
self.start_button.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.stop_button.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.deiconify()
if self.frames:
self.save_gif()
def capture_frames(self, bbox=None):
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
user32.PrintWindow.argtypes = [wintypes.HWND, wintypes.HDC, wintypes.UINT]
user32.PrintWindow.restype = wintypes.BOOL
interval_ms = int(self.interval_entry.get()) / 1000.0
while self.recording:
try:
if self.record_mode.get() == "window" and self.selected_window_handle:
if not win32gui.IsWindow(self.selected_window_handle):
print("Window not found, stopping.")
self.stop_recording()
break
left, top, right, bot = win32gui.GetClientRect(self.selected_window_handle)
w = right - left
h = bot - top
if w <= 0 or h <= 0:
time.sleep(interval_ms)
continue
# 根据目标窗口句柄获取目标窗口的设备上下文句柄
hwndDC = win32gui.GetWindowDC(self.selected_window_handle)
# 将句柄包装成一个更易于使用的 Python 对象
mfcDC = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hwndDC)
# 创建一个与窗口 DC 兼容的 内存设备上下文。
saveDC = mfcDC.CreateCompatibleDC()
# 创建一个与窗口 DC 兼容的空白位图。
saveBitMap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
saveBitMap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(mfcDC, w, h)
# 将位图选入内存 DC
saveDC.SelectObject(saveBitMap)
# flag 3 (PW_CLIENTONLY | PW_RENDERFULLCONTENT)
# 请求 Windows 将目标窗口的内容完整地“打印”到我们的内存 DC 上。
result = user32.PrintWindow(self.selected_window_handle, saveDC.GetSafeHdc(), 3)
if result == 1:
# 从位图对象中提取原始的、未压缩的像素数据
bmpstr = saveBitMap.GetBitmapBits(True)
# 让 Pillow 从原始字节流中重建图像。
frame = Image.frombuffer('RGB', (w, h), bmpstr, 'raw', 'BGRX', 0, 1)
self.frames.append(frame)
win32gui.DeleteObject(saveBitMap.GetHandle())
saveDC.DeleteDC()
mfcDC.DeleteDC()
win32gui.ReleaseDC(self.selected_window_handle, hwndDC)
elif self.record_mode.get() == "area" and bbox:
frame = ImageGrab.grab(bbox)
self.frames.append(frame)
time.sleep(interval_ms)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error capturing frame: {e}")
self.stop_recording()
break
def save_gif(self):
if not self.frames:
messagebox.showinfo("Info", "No frames recorded.")
return
file_path = filedialog.asksaveasfilename(defaultextension=".gif", filetypes=[("GIF files", "*.gif")])
if file_path:
self.frames[0].save(
file_path,
save_all=True,
append_images=self.frames[1:],
optimize=False,
duration=int(self.interval_entry.get()),
loop=0
)
messagebox.showinfo("Success", f"GIF saved to {file_path}")
class AreaSelector(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, master):
super().__init__(master)
self.master = master
self.attributes("-fullscreen", True)
self.attributes("-alpha", 0.3)
self.bind("<Button-1>", self.on_mouse_down)
self.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.on_mouse_move)
self.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.on_mouse_up)
self.rect = None
self.start_x = None
self.start_y = None
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self, cursor="cross")
self.canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
def on_mouse_down(self, event):
self.start_x = self.winfo_pointerx()
self.start_y = self.winfo_pointery()
if not self.rect:
self.rect = self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.start_x, self.start_y, self.start_x, self.start_y, outline='red', width=2)
def on_mouse_move(self, event):
cur_x = self.winfo_pointerx()
cur_y = self.winfo_pointery()
self.canvas.coords(self.rect, self.start_x, self.start_y, cur_x, cur_y)
def on_mouse_up(self, event):
x1 = min(self.start_x, self.winfo_pointerx())
y1 = min(self.start_y, self.winfo_pointery())
x2 = max(self.start_x, self.winfo_pointerx())
y2 = max(self.start_y, self.winfo_pointery())
self.destroy()
self.master.deiconify()
bbox = (x1, y1, x2, y2)
record_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.master.capture_frames, args=(bbox,))
record_thread.daemon = True
record_thread.start()
class WindowSelector(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, master):
super().__init__(master)
self.master = master
self.title("选择窗口")
self.geometry("300x200")
self.listbox = tk.Listbox(self)
self.listbox.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=5)
self.listbox.bind("<Double-Button-1>", self.select_window)
self.populate_windows()
select_button = tk.Button(self, text="Confirm", command=self.select_window)
select_button.pack(pady=5)
def get_windows(self):
windows = []
def callback(hwnd, _):
if win32gui.IsWindowVisible(hwnd) and win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd):
windows.append((hwnd, win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)))
win32gui.EnumWindows(callback, None)
return windows
def populate_windows(self):
self.windows = self.get_windows()
for _, title in self.windows:
self.listbox.insert(tk.END, title)
def select_window(self, event=None):
selected_index = self.listbox.curselection()
if not selected_index:
messagebox.showwarning("Warning", "Please select a window.")
return
self.master.selected_window_handle = self.windows[selected_index[0]][0]
self.destroy()
self.master.deiconify()
record_thread = threading.Thread(target=self.master.capture_frames)
record_thread.daemon = True
record_thread.start()
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = GifRecorder()
app.mainloop()